Progressive Education Essay Example

Dynamic Education Paper As per Gribble (1985) in dynamic schools, there is this feeling of social correspondence among grown-ups and youngsters which is one of the dynamic standards. Where the staffs are savage, students could likewise utilize a similar technique as a safeguard instrument. Gribble further opined that similarly as machines are utilized by individuals so instructors ought to be utilized by youngsters as well and not kids being coordinated by educators. In accordance with dynamic instruction, childrens learning ought to be intentional, not attached to a specific educational program normally depended on them with arrangement of assessments and tests/evaluations. The educators moral obligation is to support the kids, managing them to investigate their abilities and premiums. It is be that as it may, critical to abstain from imparting nonsensical convictions that youngsters probably won't comprehend. The youngster must figure out how to create independency. Anything that has the tone of good impulse is contrary to the standards of dynamic instruction, which uniqueness lays solidly on the refusal to force a specific arrangement of qualities not just the ones contained in the educational plan (Gribble 1985). The way of thinking of dynamic schools has no space for any directed statement of faith. Kids in dynamic schools are permitted to settle on a decision and to communicate their suppositions uninhibitedly. The degree to which this is polished relies upon each school since youngsters are assisted with considering figuring out how to be something they ought to appreciate. Dynamic schools dishearten intensity (Gribble 1985). Since youngsters settle on their own decisions and work at their own pace and not as indicated by the direct of anybody, it implies that the individual student doesn't have to contend with anybody. This assists with loosening up the learning condition making it helpful for learning. We will compose a custom article test on Progressive Education explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Progressive Education explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Progressive Education explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer A kid neither estimates his/her own accomplishment with some other childs nor does the OFSTED that would ordinarily pressurize a state or government funded school present. There is normally no need for dynamic school specialists to squeeze the educators who thusly give the strain to the youngsters through arrangement of tests/appraisals so as to be on the presentation group table. There is generally no discipline in dynamic schools and no tendency to any strict authoritative opinion or section. In any case, regardless of how in a perfect world dynamic training is depicted as panacea for customary or regular type of instruction as gets out in the open, free and state schools, clearly some of them are not genuinely and totally dynamic. There have been changes in the use of the first way of thinking as propounded by pioneers of dynamic instructive techniques a portion of whose commitments are referenced and talked about straightaway. Dynamic masterminds There are some popular scholars on youth whose work are so fundamental throughout the entire existence of kid focused instruction. A portion of these authors in the early years didn't completely call their work dynamic instruction, however what they did was reactant to the detailing of assortment of information that is called dynamic training today to which a great deal of affirmation is owed. This exposition will quickly discuss their thoughts, standards and ethos. One of these early essayists was Jean Jacques Rousseau whose works and dynamic tilt realized a basic change in the training of youngsters. As indicated by Darling J. ( ) in Rousseaus book Emile (1762), it is focused on that man ought not upset youngster development yet leave it the manner in which nature has accommodated it. Kid focused instruction came as an option because of disappointment about the customary training of that time. This dismissal assisted with molding out current dynamic instruction thought. In Emile, Rousseau declares that the dynamic thought took its root against the foundation of commitment and kid evil connected to kids in those days where exacting order and good preparing for youngsters was the standard. Rousseau dismissed this thought and accepted that youngsters are acceptable; that the wickedness found in kids is from a degenerate society. His thoughts were that youngsters ought not be prepared so as to subdue their normal propensity. At the point when compared to present day dynamic training ideas it means not forcing a specific learning style on youngsters yet rather permitting them to find things without anyone else Young childrens instructive projects ought to in Rousseaus see be kept to those things in which they have regular premium (Darling1994: 8 ). Rousseau advanced the way that youngsters gained from direct understanding and opined that feeling is continually realizing, which can be comprehended to mean-gaining from condition and not from a book. Rosseau is of the assessment that kids ought not be trained how to peruse until they are prepared. He envisioned that they would comprehend by gaining from nature and from feeling things around them. Notwithstanding that he was of the conviction that there must be little data from a book. This is resounded by Calydon [ed] (1969:50) when it is said that Experience goes before guidance. Anyway Rousseau didn't explain when gaining from a book should set in yet youngsters ought to likewise look for data from books. This conclusion is genuine in light of the fact that seeing instructors for example, they needed to gain from books and not just rely upon understanding. In present day dynamic instruction understudies gain generally as a matter of fact just as from books. Rousseau likewise upheld welcoming connection between a kid and the instructor and that the youngster ought to gain from their activities. As examined before dynamic training doesn't see the educator in power like the instructor is found in government funded schools; dynamic training is along these lines even more a youngster focused way to deal with instructing. As per Darling ( ) Rosseau partitioned adolescence into phases of human development and improvement. He fought that various phases of development require explicit methods. Subsequently in dynamic instruction understudies are given individual consideration on the grounds that every youngster has their own needs and characteristics relying upon their stages. Friedrich Froebel who built up the main kindergarten at Keilhau, Germany in 1837 contributed monstrously to the dynamic thought of training. He accepted that everybody has an otherworldly worth. Like Rosseau, he accepted that each youngster had inside themselves what they were to be during childbirth. He likewise accepted that the suitable instructive condition would urge the kid to accomplish ideal turn of events.

Women in the Cuban Revolution Essay Example

Ladies in the Cuban Revolution Essay Over the span of history, numerous insurgencies have delivered the best results of a nation. The Revolutionary development of Cuba during 1959 was a pathway to autonomy and furthermore a detachment of sexual orientation jobs battled by ladies. This Revolution for Independence is likewise an upset in the progressions of ladies jobs. Ladies had legitimate rights that were secured by law because of the cooperation in the Revolution of Cuba equivalent codes sex, lawful privileges, and numerous different rights were made. The Cuban Revolution began in 1959 when a little gathering of guerrillas and urban insurrectionists ousted the fascism of Fulgencio Batista. A change of government modernized Cuba, the redistribution of riches, partition of chapel and state, and the financial and political influence of chosen Cuban families were changed by the communist Revolution battled by Fidel Castrov. Castrov’s new change in Cuba additionally influenced women’s lives. Castrov said that, â€Å"A individuals whose ladies battle close by men †that individuals is (sic) invulnerable. the conventional practices of ladies were tested. Pre-Revolutionary ladies had negligible rights; they were exposed by sexual orientation jobs in the Latin American people group. The Revolution influenced all life-parts of the Latin American mainland; be that as it may, ladies were exceptionally influenced by the Revolution. President Batista made the Cuban Constitution of 1940 which precluded the segregation of sex. When Fidel Castrov started to challenge Batista’s organization, ladies from the center and privileged societies started to use their abilities and upheld Fiedel Castrov’s developments. We will compose a custom exposition test on Women in the Cuban Revolution explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Women in the Cuban Revolution explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Women in the Cuban Revolution explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The ladies utilized their abilities recorded as a hard copy, systems administration, and they were â€Å"selling war bonds and creating rebel garbs, partaking in purposeful publicity work, taking part in real life and subverted units in the urban communities, shipping arms, and battling in the mountains. † (Randall 1981, 22). The ladies support for Castrov’s developments has staggeringly expanded patriotism for the individuals of Cuba. â€Å"Cuba should be free and autonomous, and the administration ought to be gone over to the Cuban individuals. † (McKinley), he backing of ladies in Fidel Castrov’s Revolutionary development in July 26 by the Women’s Marti Civic Front and the interminable help of The Revolutionary Women’s Union (UFR) comprised the triumph and pathway of uniformity for Cuban ladies. Women's activists composed gatherings, for example, the UFR wherein they started a broad way to-entryway battle to raise money and enroll. Ladies were ostensibly fit for carrying out any responsibility a male can do as of now. A few Women were on the war-fronts battling; they used weapons and shot foes. Ladies additionally filled in as attendants and providers to the military, the commitment of ladies range of abilities likewise spoke to the significance and desires for ladies during this time. These ladies changed customary sex jobs; they took part in the Revolution strategically and militarily. In Havana, Cuba 1959 the primary ladies unit, Mariana Grajales Brigade, got themselves a triumph in the unrest. The ladies battled close by the men and this †gave the fundamental realities that ladies were significant, the triumph of these ladies ensured a positive change in the various leveled status of sexual orientation. Melba Hernandez, the general of the primary ladies company states, â€Å"We [the women] of Cuba are revolutionists, we will battle for the equity of ladies for our people in the future to come. † In the year 1960, the Federation of Cuban Women was perceived by the Cuban Government, they work to guarantee the assurance of Women’s Rights, and they are activists and lawmakers that despite everything battle for sex fairness. Ladies and men currently share the equivalent legitimate privileges, openings for work, disorder and maternal advantages, government disability benefits, and so on.

Information Communication Dietetic - Free Essay Example

Abstract This report contains information about the academic discourse, history, resources used, and communication skills, which make up an important arena for a professional in the dietetic profession. A brief explanation of the AMA style manual used in the dietetic profession is also outlined and compared to the APA style manual. There is a shared understanding of language and terminology that must exist in the dietetic profession, along with knowledge of the ever-changing nutrition world that a professional works in. It is important to know the history of the profession that a person works in to fully appreciate how it evolved to what it is today and who the people are that deserve credit for their hard work and determination. Many resources are involved in gaining knowledge and producing materials that will teach others as well. From journals to magazines, there are many sources that provide up to date, valuable information that can enhance the professional career of a dietetic professional. Communication skills are the most important characteristic of a dietetic professional. The many ways a dietetic communicates is reviewed in this report. There are many areas to explore in the dietetic profession and that is what is being presented here. Dietetic Profession DISCOURSE A certain language and style of communication that is common among groups of people can be described as discourse. Ideas and rules are shared within a profession community to effectively communicate and comprehend the in tended message. A functional structure is learned and becomes common language for those who are involved a certain profession. The discourse of dietetics involves many areas of study of which one must become familiar with in order to communicate effectively with other professionals in the field. A certain vocabulary and terminology must be researched, studied, understood, and communicated between members of this educated community. It is necessary to engage in the values, vocabulary, forms, and manners of the language to be able to effective communicate with those involved in Dietetic profession (1). Learning the discourse of Dietetics begins with the desire to become a professional in the field. One has to be open to learning the required material and master it. There is no end to the learning; it is a constant demand to keep oneself up to speed with what is going on in the current time. There are always more sources, advancements, and newer interests being sparked amongst pr ofessionals who desire to make a difference. A person who desires to work in the Dietetic field may have an interest in working with the community in a public health setting, in a clinic or hospital, long-term care, or possibly in food service management. The required curriculum is relative for all of the mentioned and provides a base for a good understanding of nutrition, interpersonal communication, and the health of those that seek Dietetic services. While the classroom sets the stage for what a student seeking a Dietetic degree needs, there is so much that is also learned while performing on-the job training and internship requirements. An important aspect of Dietetic coursework is having an understanding of multiple sciences. It is a challenging biological field and demands attention in the areas of nutritional and food sciences (2). Chemistry is important to study and understand how the human body breakdowns and uses energy. The food that goes into a persons body has che mical properties that are used as energy. It is necessary to complete human anatomy and physiology courses with a firm understanding of the bodys systems and how they work. Without a clear understanding of how the body works, there would be great mystery as to how the body receives, uses, and disposes of nutrients that are consumed. Communication skills are as important as any other skill when working with other professionals in dietetics, clients, and customers. It is necessary that dietetic workers have open communication with other professionals in different fields to ensure that proper treatment and education will be delivered to the client. A common language and terminology is necessary between members of the medical and nutritional field. It is necessary to have access to Merck manuals and medical terminology manuals as a desk reference. There is a difference in presentation when considering whom the audience will be. If a Dietetic professional is presenting to others in the field, it would be appropriate to use tables and graphs that display research finding on the new diabetes medication and its effects on certain ethnic groups. In this case, medical terms and treatment plans can be discussed using words and descriptions that might not be easily recognized by a client or someone unfamiliar with medical terms. It is very important to consider any communication barriers that may be present when counseling and discussing treatment plans with clients. Therefore, it is necessary to be flexible, have, and recognize the different levels of understanding of all different kinds of people. Mathematics is actively part of the day-to-day routine of dietetic personnel. Whether it is tallying up a clients caloric intake for the day or calculating how many kilocalories a certain patient might need in accordance to their body mass index, basic math and algebra come into play each day. If a dietetic professional takes the position of food service manager, that professional has the responsibility of budget preparation, employee hours, wages, training hours, and many other areas that require the use and implementation of mathematics. Most facilities use designated computer applications and programs to keep everyone involved organized and up to date with the care plan and treatment of patients. Altru Health Systems uses Carex and Affinity computer programs to aid in assessment, charting, implementing diet orders, tracking dietary intake, room service and meal management, and for the convenience of shared information between all disciplines that have access to the programs. This is a very useful and accurate way for everyone involved to stay on the same page and therefore be able to deliver better service to the patient. Problem solving skills are tested everyday as new health conditions and medical treatments are constantly changing. Each person who walks through the door requiring dietetic services is unique and needs assessment and screening to determine the best method for treatment and care. What works for one person, may not work for the other. Each care plan is tailored to the individual for any specific needs that may be present. There may be a point when a physician refers someone to nutrition health services for treatment and while assessing the patient, something does not quite match up or a new diagnosis may be necessary. In cases like these, all health professionals need to be up to date with testing and treatment procedures. Keeping up-to-date with the advancements and knowledge of the field through joining the American Dietetic Association can offer a variety of resources and opportunities to stay involved with the profession (3). There are quarterly meetings and continuing professional education (CPE) credits that professionals can take to keep up with the latest research. Health Magazines and newspapers are also great ways to keep up with what is going on in the profession. Someone who is work ing in a food service management position may not know what kinds of new medications are being used in combination with nutrition therapies and vice a versa. Experimentation is happening all of the time, especially if working as a clinical dietician. Finding the right diet fit for each individual takes trial, error and patience. With the obesity epidemic, Celiac disease, and other dietary related health highlights, it is necessary for the dietetic professional to be open to new ideas and trials of treatment. Research on how the body uses certain macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals can help professionals understand why certain things affect different people, while others may not be affected at all. Sanitation and food safety is key in providing healthful food to all people, especially those who already in a compromised state. September is National Food Safety Education Month, which was created to heighten the awareness of the importance of food safety (4). Proper hand washin g, sanitation of workspaces, avoiding cross-contamination, proper cooling methods, and ensuring food is cooked and held for service at the appropriate temperatures must be implemented. A Serve Safe certification is necessary to obtain prior to completion of the outlined curriculum for the dietetic program. This certification is good for five years and needs to be renewed before expiration; otherwise, the course must be repeated to obtain a new certification. The Food Guide Pyramid was developed by the US Department of Agriculture to be used as a visual tool to help people make healthy food choices (5). This is a helpful guide for Dietetic professionals to use when counseling patients and designing meal plans. There is also a specific Food Guide Pyramid for patients with diabetes. The exchange system, in regards to carbohydrates, needs to be considered when preparing a healthy meal plan for this community of people. There are many sources, which can be accessed to aid members o f this community in learning and developing a professional and working knowledge of the required technical language and methods used for effective communication. Reading academic journals, attending ADA meetings, joining committees, networking within, attending conferences and workshops, and reading health and nutritional magazines can all be great sources to discover the language used and the format in which the message is delivered. Dietetic Practice Groups (DPG) provides opportunities to increase knowledge through newsletters, publications and continuing professional education credits (6). People who have a shared interest in a more specific area of the profession set up these groups. The goals and interests of the ADA are upheld as new issues are explored and focused on. These groups can help members network and be part of a smaller group within a larger group, of which they become the expert on a specific topic or issue. The AMA style manual is used in the Dietetic profes sion and provides the appropriate format for citation and professional writing. The manual provides a guide for abbreviating and referencing materials that are commonly used in the writings of professional works. The ADA website, www.eatright.org, is a great place to find important communication information, ranging from sample letters to forms, to application assistance. The discourse of Dietetics is complex and takes time and interest to become the expert in. HISTORY The history of food and nutrition dates back as far as the beginning of recorded history. In the era of hunters and gathers, people knew that they had to eat in order to survive. The teachings and techniques that were used to obtain food at that time came from trial and error. It was up to the people to figure out which foods were suitable and which could possibly cause illness or even death. The importance of food, specific dietary patterns and disease prevention were observed in the Indian Ayurvedic tradition, dating back to 2500 BCE (7). Looking beyond the medieval era, western science and medicine developed ways of thinking about food and health between 600 BCE and 300 CE (7). Societies throughout each era have looked at diet and nutrition as a means of healthy living and survival. Through the Renaissance and up to the eighteenth century, reports have noted that diet and nutrition were an integral part of having a fulfilled life (7). Many documents from ancient and historical times have evidence that inventions for food processing were becoming common knowledge and new foods were being discovered. In this time, food was mostly produced and consumed entirely within the local area. A familys nourishment was provided by the food that was grown and prepared within the family and exchanged with nearby neighbors. Cooking and preservation techniques at this time were not necessarily safe but were evolving towards more advanced processes. During the Industrial Revolution, the introductio n of railroads and wagon roads made the transfer of goods possible at greater distances. This shift began to affect the foods that people had access to and what they ate (8). The science of nutrition began to emerge in the early to mid nineteenth century. During this time, both Europe and the United States were influenced by their governments to increase the yield of food from plant crops and animal herds (7). Food production held a very important role in nourishing the soldiers who were fighting in the war. Safe food was soon found to be the key for survival of troops, especially those who had been wounded and needed proper nourishment to fight illness and infection. Dietetics as a profession can be linked back to the evolution of home economics (9). The early evolution of food and nutrition science was explored to feed soldiers in battle and to also to provide necessary nutrition to those who were preparing to become young soldiers. Nutrition and appropriate food choices were d emonstrated to young families to ensure healthy individuals. World War I brought food shortages. Those who were knowledgeable in dietetics encouraged others to plant gardens and learn how to develop recipes for home and hospital use. Both world wars experienced the creation of dietetics as a profession (9). Many important people deserve credit in the history of Dietetics. Far more than five people contributed to its development. Dietetics is largely applied by the use of chemistry. It is necessary to recognize Antoine Lavoisier, who is known as the Father of Chemistry. Lavoisier was born into an upper class, Paris family in 1743. He was able to obtain a law degree at the College Mazarin, though he never practiced law. He had more interest in mathematics and science and gained membership into the Academy of Sciences at 25 years old. (10). Lavoisier had many contributions, which include the assistance in establishing the metric system, to naming 33 elements of periodic table. He di ed at 51 from literally losing his head. He was found guilty of conspiracy against the people of France. Wilbur Olin Atwater, an American chemist, was born May 3, 1844 in Johnsburg, New York. Atwater is known for his studies in human nutrition and metabolism. He pursued an undergraduate degree at Wesleyan University in Connecticut and later went on to obtain his PhD from Yale Universitys Sheffield Scientific School in agricultural chemistry (11). Atwater invented a device called the respiration calorimeter that measured human metabolism balance by analyzing the heat produced and metabolic rate by a person performing certain activities. This new invention aided many new studies in dietary evolution and food analysis (7, 8, 11). Energy and protein sources were studied and measured to determine that certain foods provide different amounts of nutrients and energy than others. The fat, protein, and carbohydrates of all different kinds of foods were observed and soon there was an aw areness of the food calorie. Atwater continued to lead research teams on the discovery of nutrient requirements, food composition and consumption, and consumer economics (12). Throughout his discoveries, Atwater determined that Americans eat more unhealthful foods than desired and do not exercise enough. Florence Nightingale, born 1820 in Tuscany into an upper class family, needs to be mentioned as a contributor to Dietetics as she was the one who acknowledged the need for safe and nutritious food for soldiers during the Crimean War (13). She was actually a pioneer nurse in her time and was determined to improve the living conditions at the camp hospitals and made an effort to clean and organize facilities where patients were cared for. Her contributions helped spread awareness of the necessity for clean, safe, and nutritious foods. There is a long history of health and nutrition and the involvement and contribution of many people and their discoveries has made great progress. Most of the progress has been made in the last 100 years, as new technologies have been a great asset to nutritional health and implementation. Scientific advances, social and economic factors, and military conflicts are contributors to the advancement of the dietetic profession as well. The most important contribution would have to be the determination and dedication by early dietitians who knew that there was a difference to be made and that they were the ones who would be able to make that difference. The understanding and importance of good eating habits was not common, not known, or perhaps just not understood by most of society. Scientific experiments were documented and scholarly journals written about nutrients, but they were almost impossible to understand by anyone who was not in the dietetic profession. Alice Blood was the one who would be able to put all of the difficult works into something that could be understood by large public audience. She translated science-ba sed nutrition information into easy-to-read pamphlets in an effort to educate people on good nutrition. Alice Blood obtained a bachelors degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a PhD in biochemistry from Yale. She also held the title of director at the School of Household Economics at Simmons College in Massachusetts (14). Many changes came about in 1917 for the dietetics profession and many women contributed to these changes. A new organization, the American Dietetic Association [ADA], was born in the fall of 1917 when more than 100 women organized a meeting in Cleveland to discuss multiple issues within dietetics. Lulu Graves, a dietician in Cleveland, held a strong position that dietitians play an important role of the medical team and that when nutrition services are offered to patients, money is saved (14). This is a time when dietitians had the primary role of feeding the wounded and sick in hospitals. The doctors were the ones who could prescribe specia l diets for treatments and dietitians were like the physicians assistants. At this point, doctors were primarily male and all dietitians were female. Graves stressed the importance of scientific training for dietitians and knew that the future of dietetics would be assured. Lulu Graves was elected the first president of the ADA (15). At the first meeting, many issues were discussed especially concerning food conservation and global food needs. This was an important time for the Association to come together, as World War I was still in full. The annual meeting to follow had greater attendance and included more states involvement. By the sixth annual meeting, which was held in Indianapolis in 1923, insulin was presented as the new treatment for diabetes (15). Insulin was discovered and isolated at the University of Toronto in 1921-1922 by Dr. Frederick Banting (16). Insulin is a hormone that is produced in the pancreas and is necessary to keep glucose levels in the blood at a sa fe and functional level. This was a major event in dietetic history, as the diagnosis and treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes continues to be largely addressed. Food technology was on the rise going into the 1930s. Refrigerators, toasters, canned goods, frozen vegetables, sliced bread and many other developments were introduced. These new preparation and storage methods provided more convenience for keeping food on hand. Obesity became a health concern, which was the topic of discussion towards the end of the 30s. Soon to follow would be the opening of the first McDonalds and Dairy Queen in the early 1940s (15). If what was known then about the negative health affects Americans would experience from frequenting fast food chains, one has to wonder if there would be any earlier changes in the way food is processed and produced for these places. Martha Lewis Nelson was a pioneer in exploring total education of dietitians (14). The original dietetic program was a four-year course at a University with a major in food and nutrition with a six-month dietetic internship. In 1942, Lewis was the director of Medical Dietetics at Ohio State University and she redesigned the internship program, making it possible to earn a Master of Science degree along with the internship (14). Many institutions today use this curriculum to develop education programs for dietetics. In 1966, nutrition and diet therapy services were included in comprehensive medical care programs. Clare Forbes, a Massachusetts delegate to the ADAs House of Delegates, was the force behind this movement (14). Forbes is credited for developing future state legislative programs and guiding the development of the ADAs mission statement (14). Twenty-six years ago, in 1982, the ADAs capacity to reach the public on food nutrition, and health concerns was forever changed. A new resource center, National Canter for Nutrition and Dietetics, was funded through a capital fund program (15). National Nu trition Month is one of the outreach programs that are very active today. The purpose of National Nutrition Month is to help make people aware of necessity of a healthy lifestyle and diet. Many more factors go into health other than just what a person eats. Diet and exercise go hand in hand. If it were not for the good old girls Blood, Graves, Lewis Nelson, and Forbes, the American Dietetic Association may not exist today. It is up to those in the profession to get the message out to the public about good health and nutrition so that money and lives can be saved in the end. Over the past 20 years, many new diet fads have been introduced. Some of these diets have proven to be effective and safe while others are affective and unsafe. Most often the results are temporary, as the people get bored with the same food or routine and then end up failing. Reading nutrition labels and ingredient lists on foods has become more popular in the past couple of years as people now have a bett er idea of what they are looking for. There are multiple commercials, newspaper articles, and health magazines that give health alerts to new findings in the food that people eat. With all of the sources in which nutrition facts and health information can be found, Americans are far more educated now than they ever have been before. The image is to get into shape and live healthier lifestyles. The advancements in medical technology have expanded the role of the dietetic professional on so many levels. Special diets, mechanically altered foods, and diagnosis of new disease conditions have forced nutritional professionals to test and experiment with new ways of feeding patients and ensuring that they are receiving appropriate nutrition. RESOURCES From academic journals to informational web sites, dietetic professionals look to many sources each day for updated health information and new discoveries. As a dietetic technician, registered dietician, nutritionist, or educator of dietetics, it is necessary to have many resources readily available. Educating and keeping up to date with the latest and greatest is the responsibility of each individual to ensure that they are providing the best possible care to patients. Since there are different focus areas in the dietetic profession, it is necessary to identify the best possible resources in which to keep each self informed and to continue learning day to day. The first major reference that is read and referred to regularly is the Journal of the American Dietetic Association. This journal covers practice applications, research that has been conducted, a calendar of events, new products and services, and a list of periodicals abstracted. Any area of study in the dietetic profession will be able to find useful information is in the journal. There is also a listing of job opportunities and advertisement for education at the back of the journal. Contact information is provided for non-dietetic professional to c ontact those who are in the profession (17). Elsevier Inc. in New York, NY publishes the Journal of the American Dietetic Association monthly. The copyright belongs to the American Dietetic Association with all rights reserved (17). Journals can be ordered from the publisher, found in public and school libraries and accessed online. There are certain journals that will most often be on the desks or bookshelves of those in the dietetic profession. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition is a publication of the American Society for Nutrition (18). The major focus of this journal is to provide information from clinical studies that have been conducted on basic human nutrition. This is a wonderful source to keep professionals up to date with the newest results from experiments and findings that have been performed by researchers and scientists. Using this journal as a reference is important, as all research is relevant to those in the profession. This journal is published monthly with two volumes per year in Bethesda, MD (18). Print and online subscriptions are available to both members and non-members of the dietetic profession. This journal can also be found in libraries. The Journal of Nutrition provides professionals with information on experiment nutrition, controversial issues in nutrition and critical reviews of nutrition scientists. This journal began circulation in 1928 as the official publication of the American Society for Nutrition. The journal publishes manuscripts that advance the understanding of nutritional mechanisms in the human population (19). This journal is also published monthly in Bethesda, MD. Anyone who has a membership in the American Society for Nutrition has access to the online version of the Journal of Nutrition. The journal can be found in the library and subscribed to through the publisher. Another journal, Nutrition, is designed as both an open access online journal and as a hardcopy version published by Elsevier. The interest of the journal is to publish results from clinical trials performed by physicians and scientists of all fields that aim to find better ways of determining treatment and diagnosis. Research articles, case studies, and peer reviews are all included in this journal. BioMed Central is the independent publisher of Nutrition journal online. Once articles are accepted and published by BioMed Central, they are also accessible at PubMed Central and MEDLINE (20). Access to BioMed Central can be achieved by using the URL: https://www.biomedcentral.com. Nutrition Research journal is An International Publication to Advance Food and Life Science Research (21). The journal is another one of many publications that is from Elsevier. Dietetic professionals refer to this journal for the latest articles and reviews of basic and applied nutrition, global communication of nutrition, and research on food and health. The purpose of the journal is to provide an advanced understanding of nutrient s and how dietary components improve health conditions in humans. The publication of Nutrition Research began in 1981 (21). There is a Nutrition Package that can be purchased which includes the fore mentioned Nutrition Journal and the Nutrition Research journal, which is available through Elsevier. The American Journal of Health Behavior is the official publication of the American Academy of Health Behavior. PNG Publications in Star City, WV publish this journal bimonthly. Members of the American Academy of Health Behavior receive the journal as part of their membership. Online access to the journal is included in the membership (22). The journal provides valuable information on maintenance, restoration, and improving health using multiple methods. Information on how behavior causes health affects and how health care programs can and have been implemented can be found in this journal as well. This journal is a valuable tool for dietetic professionals, as the studies included give information that can be used when educating patients and designing diet plans and healthy lifestyle outlines. A professional in dietetics who wishes to become an educator would find it a good idea to become part of the Society for Nutrition Education [SNE]. With a membership to SNE, professionals have access to the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. Elsevier in New York, NY publishes the journal bimonthly (23). Journal articles and abstracts are accessible online at MEDLINE and www.jneb.org. Information that is found in the journal and online is beneficial for all levels of education. From school-aged children learning about the food groups to parents learning about appropriate feeding patterns, this resource will help educators with all levels of cliental. Four major magazines most often appear on the desks or end tables in the offices of dietitians and other nutrition professionals. Todays Dietitian is the most popular magazine subscription, which includes a wide range of health topics such as diabetes management, food allergies, research updates, and long-term care information. Great Valley Publishing Co., Inc. in Spring City, PA publishes this magazine (24). This magazine is very informational and easy to navigate to find exactly what a person is looking for. Todays Diet Nutrition offers expert information on issues such as eating right, exercising and getting results. Like the Todays Dietitian magazine, Great Valley Publishing Co. Inc. publishes Todays Diet Nutrition in Spring City, PA (25). Food, fitness, knowledge, and balance are all important aspects in living a healthy life and this magazine has valuable information to help the health-conscious person achieve what they are looking for and working toward. This magazine is published bimonthly. Most libraries carry this subscription and it can be purchased at Barnes Noble and many other retail outlets. A magazine that offers the newest information on fad diets and newly discove red functions of nutrients is Nutrition Today, published by Lippincott Williams Wilkins in Philadelphia, PA (26). The magazine covers topics of nutrition science, obesity and behavior, nutritional guidelines, and the business of nutrition and roles of the nutritional professional. Information found in this magazine is from credible sources, which includes scientists and nutritionists who back their reports and findings with evidence. This is a very good source to reference when seeking information about the latest diets and up-to-date controversial issues in dietetics. Continuing education and keeping oneself up to date is extremely important in the dietetic profession. Registered dietitians and technicians can complete Continuing Professional Education (CPE) credits in a number of ways. One great resource for this is the Topics in Clinical Nutrition magazine, published in Philadelphia, PA by Lippincott Williams Wilkins (27). New and updated issues are addressed and current res earch results are provided to keep professionals up to speed with the ever-changing world of nutrition. Members of the American Dietetic Association can become part of Dietetic Practice Groups (DPG), which focus on certain areas of nutrition and health. Newsletters are printed monthly or quarterly, depending which group the member is involved in. These newsletters are available online as well as hard copy. Copyright belongs to the American Dietetic Association and is published by Elsevier Inc (28). The Nutrition Research Newsletter is a monthly newsletter published by Technical Insights/Frost Sullivan in San Antonio, TX (29). The latest development of in nutrition research can be found on many different topics of interest. This newsletter is beneficial to subscribe to for any professional in the dietetic field, as it covers many issues and serves as a credible source. The Merck Manual of Medical Information—Home Edition is widely used by health professionals in every f ield of study. Dietitians refer to this book as an everyday reference for information on diagnosis, disease, prevention and treatment processes. This book is in its eighteenth edition and can be found on most bookshelves in the dietetic professionals offices. Merck Co., Inc. in West Point, PA publishes this book (30). In order for professionals to write in their discourse, they must know the exact format they are to follow. The AMA Manual of Style, 10th Edition is a guide to those who write academic papers and edit works of others. Oxford University Press, Inc. in New York, NY is the publisher of this book (31). This is one of the many valuable resources that a dietetic profession can have in their library. The contents of this book include appropriate punctuation, abbreviations, measurements, and method for citation of sources. The Food Guide Pyramid is a popular tool that has been used in many settings from early age all the way on up to senior status. Dietitians refer to t he Food Guide Pyramid when consulting with patients about their nutritional needs. The most recent version of the pyramid is the new MyPyramid. This version reflects the prior version but focuses on different servings of each of the important nutrient groups. The USDA/CNPP in Washington, DC (32). The USDA also publishes and prints the flyers and wall posters that are seen in classrooms, clinics, and other public places. The new MyPyramid is colorful and easy to understand, as it is more of a picture of health rather than literature. A pocket reference book for dietitians is a convenient was to look up information in one location, rather than having to search through multiple sources. A good quality pocket reference will include information about physical assessment, lab test results, height and weight requirements in contrast to calorie needs, and highlight interactions that may be a red flag while assessing a patient. The ADA Pocket Guide to Nutrition Assessment is a wonderful s ource used by many in the dietetic profession. This spiral bound guide fits in the pocket and convenient in providing quick and accurate information to assist in assessing patients. The American Dietetic Association publishes this pocket guide (33). Almost each reference that is listed in the information above can be found through the American Dietetic Association official web site: www.eatright.org (34). This site provides nutrition information and health news for those who are members of the ADA and to the public. Some of the applications on the site are available only to members. Journals and publications can be accessed for reference and review. Newsletters are posted online and accessible at no extra cost to members. Information from the ADA Nutrition Care Manual can be easily accessed by selecting the exact condition to be researched, rather than having to page through a book. A member can search job opportunities and request advice from other members of the professional co mmunity. The American Dietetic Association has the copyright for this publication, regulates the content, and holds all rights. An especially valuable link on this site is for students who are doing research projects and working on networking within the dietetic community. Many of the journals articles and abstracts that are found within its original publication can also be accessed through search engines on the internet. It is important that these sources are investigated and proven credible and reliable. The information that is provided on the internet is convenient and time saving. It is beneficial to be able to visit the ADA website and print documents that can be shared with patients and used for references. COMMUNICATION SKILLS Members of the dietetic profession must possess both written and oral communication skills as part of everyday professional life. Computer skills are also necessary for most positions that are held by a dietetic professional. Whether a dietitia n works in a nutrition office with other dietitians, at a public health office, or consults over the phone, the dietitian must have a high level of effective communication skills. Reading and understanding journals, newsletters, and reports is necessary to keep up to date on nutritional advances and other important issues that are going on in the dietetic community (34). This information may also be delivered through presentations, symposiums, and webinars. It is important that the professional is able to effectively comprehend and respond to these types of informational teaching and communication to ensure that the intended message is received. Oral communication between members of a nutritional team has to include common terminology and meaning that everyone can understand and interpret so that the appropriate action is taken in result of the communication. Careful listening is probably the most important skill in effective communication as a dietetic professional. Informati on and learning that is conducted by professionals to enhance the knowledge of others is passed on through listening and comprehension of the learner. Everyone person in the dietetic field is constantly learning from other professionals and works that have been reported in support of nutritional knowledge. A dietetic technician who works in Nutrition Services at a hospital would experience many different forms of communication throughout the workday. When the technician arrives to work she would first receive admit and discharge reports for the current day. Information on these reports includes the diagnosis and diet order for each new admitted patient. The technician must understand these reports in order to plan her day and outline therapies that will be conducted. If there are any discrepancies or questions regarding the diagnosis or treatment plans that may interfere with the patients nutritional status, it is up to the technician to contact the appropriate personnel in which are working with that patient. These communications can be carried out by using the telephone or locating the respective person and engaging in face-to-face communication. Once the technician has organized a plan for the day that includes nutritional assessment, staff meetings, patient education, and charting, he/she is ready to engage in conversation with multiple sources and people. When assessing each patients nutritional risk and dietary needs, the technician must obtain diet and medical history, along with anthropometric information (33). This information can be found in the patients paper chart, on-line in the hospital charting system, and through visiting with the patient. The technician will also use the paper chart and online charting to report his/her own information and assessing. Staff meetings are conducted with other disciplines that work with the patient as well. Some people that may be present at these meetings include Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, N ursing, and Pastoral Care. It is important that a shared language and understanding is present between these members to ensure that the best possible care is delivered to the patient. Meetings are a place to learn of the status of the patient through anothers standpoint and to learn of any changes that might be occurring with that patient. Patient education is another daily activity that occurs between a dietetic technician and patients. Once the assessing and staff meetings have been observed, the technician has a good idea of which patients may require some dietary education material and possibly even a diet plan. In some cases, a physician may give an order for the dietitian or technician to administer nutritional education. Certain medications and diet orders call for patient education to be conducted. If the patient were on Coumadin, which is a blood thinner, the patient would need to be informed and given information on foods that are high in potassium, which can interfere with how the medication works (33). If the patient has a heart condition and is on a sodium restricted diet, they would likely benefit from information on which foods are lower in sodium and salt substitutes. Patient education information of all kinds can be found at the ADA website and online Nutritional Care Manual. Each patient must be determined to be at a low, moderate, or high nutritional risk and charted accordingly. The online charting system that Altru Health Systems uses is Affinity. Any patient who is determined to be a moderate or high-risk case is fully assessed and charted with a nutritional focus and plan to ensure that they obtain and maintain optimal nutritional health while under the care of the hospital team. Any patient education that is given is also charted for each patient. The online charting system is very effective for communication across the many different channels of professions involved in the care of each patient. Besides the communication that o ccurs on a daily basis with patient information and care, there are many other types of communication. Emails, memos for upcoming events, new product information, periodicals, and journals all come across the desk of a dietetic technicians and dietitians. Desktop trays or inboxes that are used for correspondence and hardcopy circulation are ideal for important information that needs to be shared with multiple persons. The use of computer email to communicate and online sources are major sources of information that is used daily by dietetic professionals. Most information that needs to be obtained can be found on the ADA website. There are multiple links to nutritional journals, news alerts, food and nutrition information, and continued education and training that is available (34). A dietetic technician will spend a large amount of his/her time on the computer in any given workday. It is likely to see a copy of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association on most desks of dietetic professionals. This journal provides an array of nutritional information and research studies that have been conducted (17). The journal is visited frequently when inquiring about new findings and advancements in nutritional care. Dietetic Practice Group newsletters are published weekly, monthly, and quarterly depending on the focus of the group. Group members and other professionals can submit information published in these newsletters on the respective topic. The information included must follow the AMA format for submitting such material (31). There are three district meetings and one state function that are scheduled each year for each states Dietetic Association. Minnesota members can attend the any or all of the three daylong meetings in September, November, and March (35). Each meeting has a different theme and three to four supporting presentations from various members of the association. Credit hours are awarded for each meeting and are used towards mandatory co ntinuing education credits to maintain registration. The state function is two-day event that includes symposiums and presentations from the president of the association and other key members. There are many vendors that participate in the function and have displays set up for new products and health information (35). The topics presented at the state function introduce new therapies and projections that the Association and its members can expect to hear and learn more about in the coming year of practice. Attending these functions is a great way to network with others in the profession and learn about the positions that others hold and dietary practices used in each others work place. Professional communication in dietetics is necessary when corresponding with others in the field and those in other medical practices. It is also very important to be aware of the communication skills and abilities of patients and others that a dietetic professional may encounter. Relaying treatmen t information to patients can be challenging and may require the use of simplified explanations and in some cases translation. Comprehension is necessary for all included in the communication in order for the message to be effective and successful. STYLE MANUAL The dietetics profession uses the American Medical Association Manual of Style, which is now in its 10th edition. This manual is a guide to professional writing and publication of many kinds of reports for the medical, health, and biological sciences. It provides information on the use of abbreviations and appropriate terminology that is common and acceptable. Referencing material is outlined in procedures for citing in-text and in the reference page, which follows the report. In AMA format, the references are listed in order of when they appear in the text (31). Referencing is single-spaced and follows the same indent as the prior sentence. Up to six authors can be listed for each reference and are listed with last name first with first and second initials to follow. There are no periods between or after initials. The title of the article should use a capital letter for only the first word of the title, unless there is a proper noun included in the title. Journals, periodicals, and other sources should be italicized in the reference. Publication date and place are necessary to include for books references that are used in written works. If using internet or web sources, the name of the article or topic and the site providing information needs to be included in the reference (36). Date in which the material was accessed also must be included. In contrast to the AMA manual of style, the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association [APA] has much of the same guidelines for crediting sources. The APA style is used in psychology, education, and other social science works (37). The main difference that is observed between AMA and APA is the way in which references are listed on th e reference page and in-text. The references are listed in alphabetical order on the reference page when using APA format. Author and date are placed in parenthesis directly after the reference was used. If there is no author, then the article or title is used with a date in parenthesis. References are indented five to seven spaces on the following lines of a citation and periods are used after the initials of the author (38). These differences are minor but necessary to observe and ensure are included. The AMA and APA style manuals provide publication information on guidelines for spacing, margins, title and abstract pages and content. It is a good idea to have these manuals available when writing reports or conducting research on professional topics. If the format is not outlined and followed, the presentation of hard work and research could be disregarded. Professionals in dietetics must refer to the AMA style manual for all professional writing in the health science field, un less otherwise instructed. The AMA style manual is very useful and has been a valuable tool in construction of this report. References Copley C. Academic discourse. Available https://www.esc.edu/ESConline/Across_ ESC/WritersComplex.nsf/wholeshortlinks/Academic+Discourse#Academic%20Discourse. Accessed February 2, 2008. Dietetics. University of Wisconsin Web site https://www.cals.wisc.edu/students/ majors/Dietetics.php. Accessed February 8, 2008. Lipscomb R. Preparing for reentry: Handling career interruptions. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107:S19-S20. National Food Safety Education Month. Food and Drug Administration Web site. https://www.foodsafety.gov/~fsg/september.html. Accessed February 12, 2008. Food Guide Pyramid. Life Clinic Web site. https://www.lifeclinic.com/focus /nutrition/food-pyramid.asp?printpage=true. Accessed February 12, 2008. Porter L. History of dietetic practice groups. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;102:1049. Cannon G. The rise and fall of dietetics and of nutrition science, 4000 BCE-2000 CE. Public Health Nutrition. 2005;8(6A):701-705. Roth D. Americas fascination with nutrition. Available at: https://www.ers. usda.gov/publications/foodreview/jan2000/frjan2000f.pdf. Accessed February 25, 2008. History of Home Economics at Ryerson. Ryerson University Web site Available at: https://www.ryerson.ca/~foodnut/alumni/history_he.html. Accessed February 4, 2008. Antoine Lavoisier. Available at: https://mattson.creighton.edu/History_ Gas_Chemistry/Lavoisier.html. Accessed February 25, 2008. Wilbur Olin Atwater. Wikipedia online. Available at: https://en.wikipedia. Org/wiki/Wilbur_Olin_Atwater. Accessed February 25, 2008. Welsh S. Atwater to the Present: Evolution of Nutrition Education. Journal of Nutrition [serial online]. September 1994;124:1799S-1807S. Available from: Academic Search Premier, Ipwich, MA. Accessed February 25, 2008. Florence Nightingale. Wikipedia online. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/ Wiki/Florence_Nightingale. Accessed February 24, 2008. Fitz P. Presidents page about 80 years ago. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;98(3):264. Petrillo T. Live the ADA legacy-annually. J Am Diet Assoc. 2002;102(8):1046 -1050. 16. The Discovery of Insulin-The history of diabetes treatment. About.com Web site. https://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bldiabetes.htm. Accessed February 22, 2008. 17. Van Horn L. The premier source for the practice and science of food, nutrition, and dietetics. J Am Diet Assoc. 2008;108:2. 18. Bier D. A publication of the American Society of Nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:2. 19. Ross AC. Recent advances in nutritional science. J Nutr. 2008;138:243. 20. Nutrition Journal Web site. 2008. https://www.nutrtionj.com/info/about/. Accessed March 10, 2008. 21. Watkins BA. Nutrition Research. Elsevier Web site. 2008. https://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.print/525483/description. Accessed March 10, 2008. 22. Marks LN. An organization for health education, health promotion, and health behavior researchers. Am J Health Behav. 2007;31:561. 23. White AA. JNEB 40th Anniversary celebration. J Nutr Educ Behav. 200 8;40: 1-2. 24. Todays Dietitian Web site. 2007.https://www.todaysdietitian.com/advertising. shtml. Accessed March 8, 2008. 25. Todays Diet Nutrition Web site. 2007.https://www.todaysdietandnutrition.com /advertising.shtml. Accessed March 10, 2008. 26. Burrowes JD. Preventing heart disease in women. Nutrition Today. 2007;42:242- 246. 27. Topics in Clinical Nutrition. MagazineAgent Web site. 2007. https://www.magazine-agent.com-sub.info/topics-in-clinical-nutrition/magazine. Accessed March 10, 2008. 28. HIV/AIDS DPG: A Dietetic Practice Group. American Dietetic Association Web site. 2008. https://www.hivaids.org/Newsletter/Author. Accessed March 11, 2008. 29. Bandera EV, Kushi LH, Moore DF. Dietary fiber and endometrial cancer risk. Nutrition Research Newsletter. 2008. Web sitehttps://findarticles.com/p/article/ mi_m0887/is_1_27/ai_n24267618. Accessed March 11, 2008. 30. The Merck Manual of Medical Information. 18th ed. West Point, PA: Me rck Co., Inc.; 2006. 31. AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors Editors. 10th ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc.; 2007. 32. MyPyramid.gov resources page. United States Department of Agriculture Web site. https://www.mypyramid.gov/global_nav/about_print.html. Accessed March 10, 2008. 33. Charney P, Malone A. ADA Pocket Guide to Nutrition Assessment. New York, NY: American Dietetic Association: 2003:223. 34. American Dietetic Association Web site. 2007. Accessed March 10, 2008. 35. Welcome to the Northwest District Dietetic Association. Minnesota Food and Nutrition Professionals Web site. 2004. https://www.mndietetics.org. Accessed March 26, 2008. 36. AMA Citation Style. Long Island University Web site. 2006. https://www.liunet. edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citama.htm. Accessed March 11, 2008. 37. APA Citation Style. Long Island University Web site. 2006. https://www.liunet. edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citapa.htm. Acce ssed March 31, 2008. 38. APA Formatting and Style Guide. The Owl at Purdue Web site. 2008. https://owl. english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/. Accessed March 31, 2008.

Impact Of Technology On The Environment - 1308 Words

In our society we have become reliant on technology for everyday needs. The technological advances humans have experienced in the past years has had a severe impact on the environment. Since the mid-1800s at the start of the industrial revolution technology has increased the amount of environmental degradation. Throughout the American West and the Atmosphere, technology has caused environmental problems and solutions. The American West has seen a dramatic change as technology has increased since the industrial revolution, The Industrial revolution began in England in the 1800s. Technological advances increased the ability for industry and agriculture to produce goods and service. The increase in industry and agriculture caused more people to move to cities from the country. Larger cities caused the surrounding areas to become degraded. Water ways became so polluted that some of the streams had to be put underground in order to protect the water. In London, some small streams became s o polluted with feces, food waste, and other refuge that in order to protect the drinking water the stream had to be put underground. Thousands of dollars were spent in order to protect the stream. Today the construction around the streams has to be maintained annually. Instead of allow the stream to flow naturally, thousands of dollars has to be spent every year in order to insure the roads and buildings above the stream do not disappear into the stream. The industrial revolution also resultedShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Technology On The Environment2142 Words   |  9 Pages Every organisations have encompassed technology as a valuable way of a greater efficiency to daily duties. As part of better effectiveness and efficiency, the chances of involving technologies, I believe would turn over undesired consequences at times. 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Development Of Open And Private Security - 1196 Words

This paper talks definitions for administration, security and risk and it would demonstrate the development of open and private security and how it advanced through the ages. It will demonstrate how inescapable the requirement for administration of security and risk has gotten to be to the general public. Industrialization as the move of the economy of a nearby or national territory from a reliance on agribusiness and the work of people and creatures to a reliance on assembling action and hardware. As urban communities kept on developing, crime did also. Notwithstanding finding and capturing lawbreakers, the early private security industry performed numerous different obligations now connected with government and state law authorization:†¦show more content†¦Rather than working when the prerequisites of agribusiness requested, they were working long shifts of set periods (frequently twelve hours) in the new production lines. Industrialization made a movement to headway that occurred in the mechanical age and its primary dangers were to the security guard with chain and locks with mutts and difficult work was exchanged by advanced equipment. This move is generally joined by monetary development which enabled an expansion the quantities of individuals living in towns and urban communities. Towns and urban communities started to extend and pulled in expanding quantities of poor and arranged individuals (Natural History of American History). Urbanization portrays as the increase in the quantities of individuals living in towns and urban areas. The procedure of urbanization is firmly connected to that of industrialization since it happens as individuals move from rustic territories to urban zones, that is, towns and urban communities. This populace development of towns and urban communities carried with it various social issues, for example, wrongdoing, mobs, destitution, and health issues brought about by co ngestion and absence of sanitation (Urbanization in America). Efforts to establish safety must be placed. This however brought on ghetto zones which became quickly the lodging for assembly line laborers. Unemployment and

Diploma In Nursing Assess Clients and Manage Client Care

Question: Discuss about the Diploma In Nursing for Assess Clients and Manage Client Care. Answer: Introduction: In this argumentative essay, the discussion topic is to understand the importance of early recognition of the deteriorating patient suffering cardiopulmonary arrest. The discussion is based on Cherry Jones (2015) statement Early recognition of the deteriorating patient is important in preventing cardiopulmonary arrest and reducing mortality, but it is a complex issue owing to reasons such as not recognising early deterioration, poor communication between staff or not responding appropriately to the situation. The early recognition and management of deteriorating condition help to generate a safe and high quality care process (Dossey et al. 2012). Background Information The chronic conditions of cardiac arrest persist some observable psychological abnormalities under deterioration condition; therefore, these observable abnormalities make recognition easier and simpler to avoid the consequences of the disease. The abnormalities are easily detectable in form of vital signs like pulse, blood pressure, oxygen saturation and respiratory rate. Therefore, early recognition of these vital signs in deteriorating condition works as a tool to manage the chronic condition (Cherry Jones, 2015). Significance of Early Recognition of Patient Deterioration and Causes that Prevent Early Recognition of Patient Deterioration or Staff Failing to Respond Appropriately to an Emergency Situation Providing a short summarization of significance Douw et al. (2015) indicated that early recognition of deterioration helps in minimizing the chances of events that simultaneously improves the condition because increased number of cardiac attack leads to critical condition. The healthcare professional can also manipulate and manage interventions in the proper manner as per early recognition signs. Further, Purling King (2012) indicated that a stabilized treatment process is followed after getting information of vital signs through early recognition to improve the life expectancy and manage disease. Bogossian et al. (2014) studied that there are organizational and workforce factors in healthcare scenario that lead to failure of the early recognition process. Further, Liaw et al. (2011) indicated that healthcare organisation lack effectual staff training regarding signs and symptoms that signal deterioration. There is also lacking a formal system for deterioration communication. Bogossian et al. (2014) indicated that as early recognition of deterioration is a new concept in healthcare the staffs are generally less skilled and trained to manage deteriorating patients. Further, organisation defect includes failed communication system regarding clinical concerns involved in handover situations to manage early recognition process of deteriorating condition. Douw et al. (2015) studied some minor factors like the failure of essential equipments, delay in notification, lack of required assistance and less skilled ward staff contributes to system failure. Effectiveness of Early Warning Systems in Enhancing Patient Outcomes and Process to Educate Early Warning Systems in clinical placement The Early Warning Systems sometimes also named as track and trigger system allow successful implementation of early recognition of deterioration condition using the relationship between the occurrence of serious events system and psychological abnormalities. Some of these systems are single parameter system, multiple parameter system, combination system etc. (Liaw et al. 2011). According to Purling King (2012), these system helps in determination of deteriorating condition to escalate care process, timely care is processed, early and effective knowledge regarding disease and its consequences are transmitted to the patient and their families. Liaw et al. (2011) studied the implemented Early Warning System education provided in a clinical placement that involved a stand-alone course constructed to improve skills and ability for recognition and management of adult vulnerable suffering these chronic conditions. Conclusion The study of significance, limitations and effectiveness of early recognition of deteriorating condition indicates that this contemporary clinical process involves a promising approach to maximise the quality care providing for chronic diseases and conditions. There are significant benefits of early warning system to recognise the cardiac deteriorating condition that is benefiting the healthcare management. References Books Dossey, B. M., Certificate, C. D. I. N. C., Keegan, L., Co-Director International Nurse Coach Association. (2012).Holistic nursing. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Journals Bogossian, F., Cooper, S., Cant, R., Beauchamp, A., Porter, J., Kain, V., ... FIRST2ACT Research Team. (2014). Undergraduate nursing students' performance in recognising and responding to sudden patient deterioration in high psychological fidelity simulated environments: An Australian multi-centre study.Nurse Education Today,34(5), 691-696. Cherry, P. G., Jones, C. P. (2015). Attitudes of nursing staff towards a Modified Early Warning System.British Journal of Nursing,24(16). Douw, G., Schoonhoven, L., Holwerda, T., van Zanten, A. R., van Achterberg, T., van der Hoeven, J. G. (2015). Nurses worry or concern and early recognition of deteriorating patients on general wards in acute care hospitals: a systematic review.Critical Care,19(1), 1. Liaw, S. Y., Rethans, J. J., Scherpbier, A., Piyanee, K. Y. (2011). Rescuing A Patient In Deteriorating Situations (RAPIDS): A simulation-based educational program on recognizing, responding and reporting of physiological signs of deterioration.Resuscitation,82(9), 1224-1230. Liaw, S. Y., Scherpbier, A., Klaininà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Yobas, P., Rethans, J. J. (2011). A review of educational strategies to improve nurses' roles in recognizing and responding to deteriorating patients.International Nursing Review,58(3), 296-303. Purling, A., King, L. (2012). A literature review: graduate nurses' preparedness for recognising and responding to the deteriorating patient. Journal of clinical nursing,21(23-24), 3451-3465.

Living in the Tenth Century Book Review

Living in the Tenth Century, a book by Heinrich Fithtenau, presents an interesting view of life in Europe in the tenth century. Fithtenau takes the audience to a journey through the second millennium in Medieval Europe. The book is voluminous and challenging for those with no scholarly interest in History.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Living in the Tenth Century: specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For Historians, it offers enlightenment and deeper understanding on how life has changed from medieval period to now. Fithtenau delves into all facets of life in Medieval Europe. The book digs into the interplay between rural schooling and religion. Additionally, it focuses on social order and the tenth century economy. This book review will demonstrate that Fithtenau’s book has well developed and credible arguments. It will also show that the book is resourceful but challenging to undergraduate students. Fithtenau extrapolates the life in the tenth century Europe from the Carolingian age. He then ventures into emerging states like France and Germany. The tenth century experienced several changes in religion, economy, and education. In religion, the hypocrisy in Roman Catholic Church had led to disenchantment within a cross section of Christians. There was incessant clamor for church reform from many quarters. Religious movements opposed to the Roman Catholic were gaining momentum day by day. What makes Fithtenau compelling as a writer is his style of themes presentation. On religion for instance, the book has pages with accounts of renowned clergy and bishops. The book also focuses on population growth and urbanization. Increased food production led to better health and higher population. Additionally, people could sell surplus agricultural products or exchange them for things they did not have. The places that people met to trade became urban centers. The book details accounts of r ich land owners who cultivated corn. This era also witnessed the rise of different professions. These include architecture, engineering, and insurance. Trade led to emergence of brokers and intermediaries. In the new economic order, these intermediaries became merchants. The rich carved more land for themselves and hired poor people as laborers in vast cornfields. Fithtenau book is unique because of the author’s dexterity in showing how different spheres of life connected and interplayed in the tenth century. The book delves into the notion of social order and shows how the societies organized themselves along schemes of order. The church exploited this order to teach subservience to those in low schemes. The elites exploited the notion of social order for social preservation.Advertising Looking for book review on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fithtenau uses this notion of social order to penetr ate and understand the tenth century Europe. The medieval society was conducting rituals as a means of perpetuating and preserving schemes of order. However, Fithtenau suggests that order was elusive as people sought more participation in church reform and governance issues. This often led to conflicts. The book caricatures the world around six basic notions. The first part of the book, titled Ordo, shows how social class determined access to the leadership and god. The society venerated the rich and lavished them with gifts and kind gestures. The second part of the book, titled Familia, captures family relations. Fithtenau explores the subordinate status of women in the society. The book reveals the family as a unit organized around a woman in spite of her subjugated status. It also portrays the tensions that persisted in the royal family especially when it was time for succession. In the third section, titled Nobolitas, the book explores the administrative powers of the nobility. In the book, Fithtenau captures human struggles to impose social order on the society. The society was also witnessing a conflict between Christian and pagan belief. This conflict is believed to emanate from the bumper harvest of 1033.There were those who attributed the harvest to God’s powers. Others attributed it to magic. More than religion, people were also obsessed with proximity to power. Those close to power attracted respect and attention from those who were far from it. To get closer to those in power, those far from it offered gifts and praises. Women for instance addressed powerful men as â€Å"my lord†. Living in the tenth Century also captures the debates on social thoughts that prevailed in Medieval Europe. The ecclesiastical nobility had outraged the secular nobility by using religion rather than economic status as a route to nobility. Fithtenau subverts the ecclesiastical nobility and upholds the secular nobility. This shows that medieval Europe valued and esteemed secular clergies more. In the section titled religio, Fithtenau does not discuss ecclesiastical clergy, as the audience would expect. Instead, the section discusses reformers who were dissatisfied with the monastic. Interestingly, Fithtenau discusses bishops and clergy under the section of his book titled nobilitas. This shows that he considered their social status higher than their religious position.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Living in the Tenth Century: specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another conspicuous aspect of the tenth century Europe as presented by Fithtenau is veneration of ranks and social status. The society expected people of the higher rank to behave and dress in a certain way. The ruling class lost personal identity because it had to conform to predetermined models. This class had a standing army for self-preservation. The army ensured that the peasants did not jeopardize the safety or status of the ruling class. Fithtenau not only presents his argument but also provides logical reasoning to back it. In the original German version of the book, the author provides appendix and footnotes detailing accounts of the clergy, the ruling class, and the emerging intellectuals. This enhances credibility of the book. Fithtenau portrays historical events correctly and factually. For instance, other Historians corroborate the loss in distinction between the clergy and ruling class. The increasing disenchantment with the clergy and ruling class appears in many other texts as Fithtenau captures it in his book. Fithtenau’s Living in the Tenth Century is voluminous and very detailed. It is thus appropriate for Historians and anthropologists who wish to advance in their discipline. However, the book is complex and advanced for undergraduates. Fithtenau’s command on the subject and narrative style makes the book a compelling read. It is an incomparable r esource book in spite of Lexical complexity. I would therefore recommend it to anyone interested in the History of medieval Europe. This book review on Living in the Tenth Century: was written and submitted by user Doctor Spectrum to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.